【亚洲•韩国】传统歌曲非物质文化遗产项目

 传统歌曲是时调诗（韩国特有的格律诗）和着管弦乐伴奏所唱的韩国传统音乐，又名‘数大叶’。传统歌曲的原型是慢大叶、中大叶、数大叶，而慢大叶于朝鲜英祖(在位1724～1776)之前就已经消失，节奏处于慢大叶和数大叶之间的中大叶也在朝鲜末期逐渐销声匿迹。现在的传统歌曲是从朝鲜后期开始出现的快节奏的数大叶中派生而来的，在曲调上相关的多个曲子以五章形式的歌词组合而成

  现传的传统歌曲包括羽调、界面调，有男唱歌曲26首，女唱歌曲15首等共有41首，其中女唱歌曲为了女性便于演唱，将男唱歌曲做了一些改变，和男唱歌曲的形似非常相近。不同的是带有女唱歌曲特有的优美细腻的旋律和高音域假声。在形式上将一首时调诗分为了五章，前面加前奏曲-大余音，中间加入间奏曲-中余音，以大余音、1章-2章、3章、中余音、4章、5章的顺序循环往复。其结构紧凑，组织非常合理，富有节奏感，为歌曲伴奏的乐器由玄琴、伽倻琴、奚琴、大笒、短箫、长鼓等构成。歌曲在长久的岁月里没有很大的变化，而一直留传至今，是艺术价值非常高的音乐。

The song is the traditional Korean music sung by the time tune poem (Korean unique metrical poem) and the orchestral accompaniment, also known as "Shuda Ye". The prototype of traditional songs is slow big leaf, medium big leaf and several big leaves, which disappeared before the Korean Yingzu (reign 1724-1776), and the middle big leaf, whose rhythm is between slow big leaf and several big leaves, gradually disappeared in the end of Korea. Today's traditional songs are derived from the fast-paced leaves that began to appear in the late period of Korea. In terms of melody, the related songs are composed of five chapters of lyrics.

The traditional songs include feather tune and interface tune. There are 26 male songs and 15 female songs. There are 41 female songs. For the sake of women's convenience in singing, some changes have been made to male songs, which are very similar to male songs. The difference is that it has beautiful and delicate melody and high-pitch falsetto unique to female songs. Formally, a time-tune poem is divided into five chapters, with a prelude-dayu tone added in front and an interlude-zhongyu tone added in the middle. It is reciprocated in the order of Dayu tone, 1-2 chapters, 3 chapters, Zhongyu tone, 4 chapters and 5 chapters. Its structure is compact, the organization is very reasonable, full of rhythm. The musical instruments accompanied by the songs are composed of Xuanqin, Jiahuqin, Xi Qin, Dahu, Short Xiao and Long Drum. Songs haven't changed much in the long years, but they have been passed down to this day and are of great artistic value.