夏布以剥下来的苎麻皮为材料制作而成,也被称作纻布、麻布,历史极为悠久。纺线的材料一般一年收获三次,收获时间在5月∼6月初、8月初∼8月下旬、10月初∼10月下旬,第二次收获的苎麻品质最佳。

  韩山夏布是忠清南道舒川郡韩山地区制造的夏布,与其他地区相比,品质优良,细腻淡雅,一直被称作夏布的代名词。韩山地区盛行织夏布的原因是该地区的条件适合苎麻生长。苎麻适合生长在夏季气温(平均2024)高,年平均降水量在1000毫米以上的潮湿的地方。而位于西海岸的韩山地区正是最符合该条件的地区。


  制作过程大致由栽培和收获、苎麻内皮加工、苎麻裁剪、纺线、制作麻绳、上浆、织布、漂白顺序构成。更具体来说,是种植苎麻,剥下所收获的苎麻的表皮对内皮进行加工后,在水里浸泡一天左右,晒干后重新用水浸湿,裁成一根一根的线,这被称作苎麻裁剪。剪开的一根根苎麻被纺成线,这一过程称为纺线。

  纺线过程中重要的一点是线的均匀度,韩山的夏布均匀度一致。纺好的线在筛子上按一定大小放好,使用细绳系成十字,制作麻绳。根据线的粗细决定一匹布中有多少根线。经过上浆过程之后,利用织布机纺成夏布,最后漂白时在水里浸湿后在阳光下晒干,这一过程需经过多次才能成为白色夏布。在织成布之前需要经过许多工序,也需要无尽的忍耐。

  织布在不通风的窝棚中进行,这是因为苎麻湿度小就容易折断的属性。夏布通常为7sae15sae10sae以上称为细夏布,数值越大,越高级。1sae是指30厘米布幅由80根线织成。

  韩山夏布是象征韩国之美的夏季代表性传统布料。韩国1967年将其指定为重要非物质文化遗产,技能持有人为方莲玉,传授教育助教有朴承月、高分子。同时,舒川郡还设立了韩山夏布馆,正对韩山夏布进行普及和宣传。

Shabu is made of ramie skins peeled off. It is also called jacquard and linen. It has a very long history. The yarn materials are usually harvested three times a year. The harvesting time is from May to early June, from early August to late August and from early October to late October. The quality of ramie harvested for the second time is the best.

Hanshan Xia Bu is made in Hanshan area of Shuchuan County, Zhongqing Nandao. Compared with other areas, it is of fine quality, delicate and elegant, and has been called the pronoun of Xia Bu. The reason why summer cloth is popular in Hanshan area is that the conditions in this area are suitable for ramie growth. Ramie is suitable for growing in humid areas with high summer temperature (average 20-24 degrees) and annual average precipitation of more than 1,000 millimeters. The Hanshan area on the west coast is the most suitable area for this condition.
The production process consists of cultivation and harvest, ramie endothelium processing, ramie cutting, spinning, making hemp rope, sizing, weaving and bleaching sequence. More specifically, it is planting ramie, peeling off the surface of the harvested ramie to process the endothelium, soaking in water for about a day, drying and re-soaking in water, cutting into a line, which is called ramie cutting. A cut ramie is spun into yarn, a process known as spinning.

An important point in the spinning process is the uniformity of the yarn. The uniformity of Hanshan's Xia cloth is the same. The spun yarn is laid on the sieve according to a certain size. The twine is tied into a cross to make hemp rope. How many threads are there in a piece of cloth depends on the thickness of the thread. After sizing, summer cloth is spun by loom, and then dried in sunshine after soaking in water during bleaching. This process takes many times to become white summer cloth. There are many processes and endless patience before weaving into cloth.

Weaving is carried out in unventilated shacks because ramie is easy to break when its humidity is low. Shabu is usually 7sae to 15sae, more than 10sae is called fine shabu, the greater the value, the higher. 1sae means that a 30 cm cloth is woven from 80 threads.

Hanshan summer cloth is a typical traditional cloth symbolizing the beauty of Korea in summer. Korea designated it as an important intangible cultural heritage in 1967. The skill holder was Fang Lianyu. The teaching assistants were Park Chengyue and Polymer. At the same time, Shuchuan County has also set up Hanshan Xia Bu Hall, which is popularizing and publicizing Hanshan Xia Bu.

 


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