西班牙地中海沿岸的灌溉者法庭是传统的水管理法庭,可以追溯到安达卢斯时期(9至13世纪)。这两个主要法庭——穆尔西亚平原智者委员会和巴伦西亚平原水法庭——是西班牙法律承认的。这两个法院的成员由民主选举产生,它们以迅速、透明和公正的方式口头解决争端,这激发了权威和尊重。智者委员会有七名具有地域代表性的成员,对由23313名成员组成的土地所有者大会拥有管辖权。水法庭由八名民选行政人员组成,代表来自九个社区的11691名成员。除了法律角色外,灌溉者法庭在社区中也扮演着重要角色,他们是社区的一个可见象征,从判决下达时举行的仪式以及法庭经常出现在当地肖像画中的事实可以明显看出这一点。它们提供了传统社区之间的凝聚力和职业(典狱长、督察、修剪工等)之间的协同作用,有助于从数百年的文化交流中获得知识的口头传播,并有自己的专业词汇,其中夹杂着阿拉伯语借词。简言之,法院是地方和地区身份的长期宝库,对当地居民具有特殊意义。

2009年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源:联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

 

The irrigators’ tribunals of the Spanish Mediterranean coast are traditional law courts for water management that date back to the al-Andalus period (ninth to thirteenth centuries). The two main tribunals – the Council of Wise Men of the Plain of Murcia and the Water Tribunal of the Plain of Valencia – are recognized under Spanish law. Inspiring authority and respect, these two courts, whose members are elected democratically, settle disputes orally in a swift, transparent and impartial manner. The Council of Wise Men has seven geographically representative members, and has jurisdiction over a landowners’ assembly of 23,313 members. The Water Tribunal comprises eight elected administrators representing a total of 11,691 members from nine communities. In addition to their legal role the irrigators’ tribunals play a key part in the communities of which they are a visible symbol, as apparent from the rites performed when judgments are handed down and the fact that the tribunals often feature in local iconography. They provide cohesion among traditional communities and synergy between occupations (wardens, inspectors, pruners, etc.), contribute to the oral transmission of knowledge derived from centuries-old cultural exchanges, and have their own specialist vocabulary peppered with Arabic borrowings. In short, the courts are long-standing repositories of local and regional identity and are of special significance to local inhabitants.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2009.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region




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