【亚洲•韩国】处容舞 Cheoyongmu (2009年)

今天舞台上的处容舞是一种宫廷舞蹈，而以前是用来驱疠逐疫、祈求平安的舞蹈，在皇家宴会上表演，或在新年除夕作为驱邪、祈福的仪式表演。处容是韩国传说中的龙王（“Yongwang”）的儿子，他是长着人身的神，并且通过歌唱和舞蹈把他在凡间的妻子从天花鬼手中解救了出来。舞蹈由五名男子表演，他们分别穿着白色、蓝色、黑色、红色和黄色的服装，象征四个方位和一个中心。他们的面具是浅酒红色，代表着人神，长着白牙、戴着锡耳环和铅珠项链，一顶黑帽，上面饰有两朵牡丹花和七朵桃花，用来驱邪避恶、祈福纳祥。舞蹈者的动作姿态威严、充满活力，风格多样、音乐节奏丰富，间有一些抒情歌曲的唱诵。关于处容的大部分民间神话，包括相信将他的形象刻在房屋的大门上，可以祛除天花和其他疾病，处容舞还体现了儒家的哲学，尤其是五行论。处容面具的制作也是展现传统工艺技能的重要机会。

Today's local dance on stage is a kind of court dance, which used to be used to drive away disease and pray for peace. It is performed at Royal banquets or as a ritual performance of exorcism and blessing on New Year's Eve. Jurong is the son of Yongwang, the legendary Dragon King in Korea. He is a God with a human body. He saves his wife from smallpox ghosts by singing and dancing. The dance was performed by five men wearing white, blue, black, red and yellow clothes, symbolizing four directions and one center. Their masks are light wine red, representing gods and men, with white teeth, tin earrings and lead beads necklace, a black hat, decorated with two peony flowers and seven peach blossoms, used to ward off evil and pray for good luck. The dancer's gestures are dignified, vigorous, diverse in style and rich in music rhythm, with some lyric songs chanted. Most folk myths about tolerance, including the belief that carving his image on the door of a house can dispel smallpox and other diseases, and that tolerance dance also embodies Confucian philosophy, especially the theory of five elements. Mask making is also an important opportunity to show traditional craft skills.