【亚洲•菲律宾】哈德哈德圣歌The Hudhud Chants of the Ifugao(2008年)

伊夫高是一个以开梯田种水稻而著称的族群。他们在播种和收获季节以及守丧仪式上，都要咏诵哈德哈德圣歌。圣歌可能在7世纪之前已经存在，有200多个故事，每个故事含40个篇章，全部吟诵需要3至4天。由于伊夫高人是母系氏族文化，妻子通常在圣歌中担任主角，其兄弟的地位在丈夫之上，所以哈德哈德具有人类学价值。圣歌的叙事语言充满形象词组和重复句，多用象征、明喻和暗喻等修辞手法，所以很难用文字记录。诗人在族群中占有很重要的地位，他们既是历史学家又是神甫，咏诵者多为上年纪的妇女。圣歌交替以领诵、合诵的形式表现出来。所有的圣歌通篇只有一个曲调，每个曲调在当地都通行，直至目前，这一文化现象的文字印迹几等于无。

Evegor is a group famous for opening terraces to grow rice. They chanted Hadhard hymns during the planting and harvesting seasons and funeral ceremonies. The hymn may have existed before the seventh century. There are more than 200 stories, each of which contains 40 chapters. It takes three to four days to recite them all. Because the Ivgao people are matriarchal clan culture, the wife usually plays the leading role in the hymn, and the brothers are above the husbands, so Hadhard has anthropological value. The narrative language of hymns is full of imagery phrases and repetitive sentences. Symbols, similes and metaphors are often used, so it is difficult to record them in words. Poets occupy a very important position in the ethnic group. They are both historians and priests. Most of the chanters are elderly women. The alternation of hymns is manifested in the form of recitation and joint recitation. All the hymns have only one melody throughout, and each melody is popular in the local area. Until now, the literal impression of this cultural phenomenon is almost non-existent.