【亚洲·印度】喀拉拉邦穆迪耶图仪式戏剧与舞蹈剧 Mudiyettu, ritual theatre and dance drama of Kerala（2010年）

Mudiyettu是喀拉拉邦的一部仪式舞蹈剧，以女神卡利和恶魔达里卡之间的战斗神话故事为基础。这是一种全村参与的社区仪式。夏季作物收获后，村民们在指定的一天清晨到达寺庙。穆迪耶图的表演者通过禁食和祈祷来净化自己，然后在寺庙的地板上用彩色粉末画出一个巨大的女神卡利形象，称为卡兰，在那里召唤女神的精神。这为接下来的生动表演奠定了基础，神圣的圣人纳拉达要求湿婆遏制恶魔达里卡，他不会被凡人打败。湿婆命令达里卡死在女神卡利的手中。穆迪耶图每年都会在查拉库迪·普扎河、佩里亚尔河和穆瓦图布扎河沿岸的不同村庄的女神寺庙“博伽梵蒂卡武”中表演。每个种姓在仪式中的相互合作和集体参与，在社区中灌输并加强了共同身份和相互联系。其传播的责任在于年长者和资深表演者，他们在表演过程中让年轻一代当学徒。Mudiyettu是向下一代传播社区传统价值观、伦理、道德规范和审美规范的重要文化场所，从而确保其在当今时代的延续性和相关性。

2010年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Mudiyettu is a ritual dance drama from Kerala based on the mythological tale of a battle between the goddess Kali and the demon Darika. It is a community ritual in which the entire village participates. After the summer crops have been harvested, the villagers reach the temple in the early morning on an appointed day. Mudiyettu performers purify themselves through fasting and prayer, then draw a huge image of goddess Kali, called as kalam, on the temple floor with coloured powders, wherein the spirit of the goddess is invoked. This prepares the ground for the lively enactment to follow, in which the divine sage Narada importunes Shiva to contain the demon Darika, who is immune to defeat by mortals. Shiva instead commands that Darika will die at the hand of the goddess Kali. Mudiyettu is performed annually in ‘Bhagavati Kavus’, the temples of the goddess, in different villages along the rivers Chalakkudy Puzha, Periyar and Moovattupuzha. Mutual cooperation and collective participation of each caste in the ritual instils and strengthens common identity and mutual bonding in the community. Responsibility for its transmission lies with the elders and senior performers, who engage the younger generation as apprentices during the course of the performance. Mudiyettu serves as an important cultural site for transmission of traditional values, ethics, moral codes and aesthetic norms of the community to the next generation, thereby ensuring its continuity and relevance in present times.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2010.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region