【亚洲·乌兹别克斯坦】卡塔阿苏拉 Katta Ashula（2009年）

Katta Ashula（字面意思是“大歌”）是一种传统歌曲，它构成了乌兹别克斯坦费尔干纳河谷各民族身份的一部分，该河谷也是塔吉克人、维吾尔人和土耳其人的家园，以及吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦和哈萨克斯坦的一些地区。卡塔·阿舒拉是一个原创流派，融合了表演艺术、歌唱、器乐、东方诗歌和宗教仪式。它涵盖了一系列主题，从爱情到宇宙和自然的哲学和神学概念，同时为即兴创作留下了一些空间。在一段艰苦的学徒生涯中，它由一代又一代的老师口传给另一代的学生，由至少两名、最多五名歌手翻译。如今，卡塔·阿舒拉是乌兹别克文化身份的重要体现，可以促进不同文化之间的对话。为了保持这一传统的可行性，节日，乌兹别克斯坦政府和地方当局已经组织的竞赛和各种其他活动将通过引入向年轻人传播这一传统的方案和研究（创建数据库、组织会议、出版物等）得到加强。

2009年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Katta Ashula (literally ‘big song’) is a type of traditional song that forms part of the identity of various peoples of the Ferghana Valley in Uzbekistan, which is also home to Tajiks, Uyghurs and Turks, and of some regions of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan. An original genre, Katta Ashula combines performing arts, singing, instrumental music, Eastern poetry and sacred rites. It covers a range of subjects, from love to philosophical and theological concepts of the universe and nature, while leaving some room for improvisation. Transmitted orally from master to pupil from one generation to another during a demanding apprenticeship, it is interpreted by a minimum of two and a maximum of five singers. Nowadays, Katta Ashula is an important expression of Uzbek cultural identity that can promote dialogue between cultures. To keep this tradition viable, festivals, contests and various other activities already organized by the Government of Uzbekistan and the local authorities are to be reinforced through the introduction of programmes for transmitting the tradition to young people and research (creation of a database, organization of conferences, publications, etc.).

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2009.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region