【美洲·海地】久慕汤 Joumou soup（2021年）

Joumou或giraumon汤（久慕汤）是一种传统的海地南瓜汤，由蔬菜、芭蕉、肉、意大利面和香料制成。这是一道庆祝菜肴，深深植根于海地人的身份，它的制作促进了社会凝聚力和社区归属感。最初是留给奴隶主的，海地人在从法国获得独立后获得了这道汤的所有权，这道汤成为他们新获得的自由的象征，表达了他们的尊严和韧性。它是由吉劳蒙（giraumon）制成的，吉劳蒙是一种曾经由加勒比土著人民种植的南瓜，专门在1月1日——海地独立日——准备并食用，这是一年中的第一顿饭。它也是传统的周日早餐。茹牟汤的制作是一项家庭和社区事务：妇女管理整个活动，儿童帮助准备配料，工匠制作铝罐和其他用于制作汤的器具，农民耕种土地收获蔬菜。如今，在加勒比海和拉丁美洲的菜肴中可以找到几种不同的汤料。

2021年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Joumou or giraumon soup is a traditional Haitian pumpkin soup made with vegetables, plantains, meat, pasta and spices. It is a celebratory dish, deeply rooted in Haitian identity, and its preparation promotes social cohesion and belonging among communities. Originally reserved for slave owners, Haitians took ownership of the soup when they gained independence from France, turning it into a symbol of their newly acquired freedom and an expression of their dignity and resilience. It is made from giraumon, a variety of pumpkin once cultivated by the indigenous peoples of the Caribbean, and is prepared and consumed specifically on the first of January – Haiti’s Independence Day – when it constitutes the first meal of the year. It also serves as traditional Sunday breakfast. The preparation of Joumou soup is a family and community affair: women manage the overall activities, children help to prepare the ingredients, artisans make the aluminium pots and other utensils used to prepare the soup, and farmers work the land to harvest the vegetables. Today, several variations of the soup can be found in Caribbean and Latin American cuisines.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2021.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region