【亚洲·伊拉克】阿纳厄传统手工技艺 Traditional craft skills and arts of Al-Naoor（2021年）

Al naoor（阿纳厄）是一个绕轴旋转的木制轮子。它被用在伊拉克幼发拉底河的溪流上，那里的水位低于邻近的农田。为了将河水注入农田，社区设计了al naoor（阿纳厄）车轮。轮子由24根木棍和24个陶罐组成，陶罐用棕榈叶绳固定在外圆周上。车轮直径从8米到12米不等，垂直安装在河流上的两个石基座之间。当水流使车轮旋转时，水罐从河里收集水，将水输送到车轮顶部，然后将水倒入通往田地的水道中。阿尔·纳奥尔登顶日以庆祝活动为标志，包括传统的诗歌表演、唱歌和跳舞。最近，al-naoor（阿纳厄）车轮产生的能量也被用于发电，并用于操作用于将谷物磨成面粉的水磨机。Al naoor（阿纳厄）是许多人的生计来源，包括参与其建设的工匠、制陶商和建筑商。

2021年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Al-naoor is a wooden wheel that rotates on its axis. It is used on the streams of the Euphrates River in Iraq, where water levels are lower than the adjacent fields. In order to raise the river water to the fields, the communities devised the al-naoor wheel. The wheel is made of twenty-four columns of wooden sticks and twenty-four clay jugs attached to the outer circumference with palm leaf ropes. Ranging between eight and twelve metres in diameter, the wheel is installed vertically between two stone pedestals on the streams of the river. As the current causes the wheel to rotate, the jugs collect the water from the river, carry the water to the top of the wheel, and pour it into the waterways leading to the fields. The day of the al-naoor mounting is marked by celebrations, including traditional poetry performances, singing and dancing. More recently, the energy produced by the al-naoor wheel has also been used to generate electricity and to operate the water mills used to grind grain for flour. Al-naoor is a source of livelihood for many, including the artisan carpenters, pottery makers and builders involved in its construction.