【亚洲·约旦】佩特拉和维地拉姆的贝都人文化空间 Cultural space of the Bedu in Petra and Wadi Rum（2008年）

“贝杜人是居住在约旦南部的定居和游牧社区，尤其是在佩特拉和瓦迪拉姆附近，位于半干旱高地和沙漠地区。这些条件使这两种类型的社区能够以互补关系发展和存在。

几个贝都部落，即巴杜尔、阿玛林和萨伊迪因，继续使用佩特拉附近的纳巴坦集水池和洞穴。居住在该地区的贝都人社区保持着传统的田园文化和相关技能。佩特拉和瓦迪朗姆的贝杜人保存了与该地区动植物、传统医学、骆驼饲养、帐篷制作工艺以及追踪和攀爬技能有关的特定知识。贝杜人对他们的环境和复杂的道德和社会准则有着广泛的了解，所有这些都是口头表达和传播的。他们丰富的神话表现在各种口头表达形式上，包括诗歌、民间故事和歌曲，它们与特定的地方和这些社区的历史密切相关。

在过去的50年里，越来越多的贝都族定居下来。教育、住房、医疗保健和卫生设施的提供使得久坐的生活对他们中的许多人更具吸引力，然而，这导致贝都人几代人发展的技能受到侵蚀。沙漠旅游业的增长及其对“真正的贝都文化”的需求不应进一步削弱佩特拉和瓦迪拉姆的贝都非物质遗产。"

2008年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

The Bedu are settled and nomadic communities living in the southern part of Jordan, particularly near Petra and Wadi Rum, within a region of semi-arid highlands and deserts. These conditions have allowed for the development and existence in complementary relationship of both types of communities.

Several Bedu tribes, namely the Bdul, the Ammarin and the Sa’idiyyin, continue to use the Nabatean water-collecting cisterns and caves near Petra. The Bedu communities inhabiting this area keep alive a traditional pastoral culture and related skills. The Bedu of Petra and Wadi Rum have preserved specific knowledge related to the flora and fauna of the area, traditional medicine, camel husbandry, tent-making craftsmanship, and tracking and climbing skills. The Bedu have developed an extensive knowledge of their environment and complex moral and social code, all of which is expressed and transmitted orally. Their rich mythology is manifested in various forms of oral expression, comprising poetry, folktales and songs that are closely linked to particular places and the history of these communities.

Over the last fifty years, more and more Bedu groups have settled down. The provision of education, housing, health care and sanitation has made a sedentary existence more attractive for many of them, leading, however, to the erosion of skills developed by the Bedu over generations. The increase of desert tourism and its demand for “authentic Bedu culture” should not be allowed to further degrade the intangible heritage of the Bedu in Petra and Wadi Rum.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2008.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region