【亚洲·越南】越南南部弹唱才子音乐与歌曲艺术 Art of Đờn ca tài tử music and song in southern Viet Nam（2013年）

一种兼具学术性和民间性的音乐艺术，是越南南部人民精神活动和文化遗产不可缺少的一部分。音乐和歌曲唤起人们的生活和工作的土地和河流的湄公河Delta地区。因此，在节日、死亡纪念日仪式和庆祝活动等众多活动中表演的《神之歌》与其他文化习俗、口头传统和手工艺密切相关。表演者通过即兴发挥，装饰和改变这些作品的“骨骼旋律”和主要节奏模式来表达他们的感受。d à n ca t à i t à用各种不同的乐器演奏，包括月型琵琶、二弦琴、十六弦古筝、梨形琵琶、打击乐、单和弦和竹笛。其曲目以 20 首主要歌曲和 72 首古典歌曲为基础。音乐艺术是在模仿的基础上，由演奏大师和歌唱家通过口传心授传递给学生的。音乐家需要学习至少三年，学习基本的器乐技巧，掌握表达不同情绪和情感的音乐调式。声乐学生学习传统歌曲，并学习利用不同的装饰技巧进行即兴演出。

A musical art with both scholarly and folk roots, Đờn ca tài tử is an indispensable part of the spiritual activity and cultural heritage of the people of southern Viet Nam. The music and songs evoke the people’s life and work on the land and rivers of the Mekong Delta region. Performed at numerous events such as festivals, death anniversary rituals and celebrations, Đờn ca tài tử is thus intimately connected with other cultural practices and customs, oral traditions and handicrafts. The performers express their feelings by improvising, ornamenting and varying the ‘skeletal melody’ and main rhythmic patterns of these pieces. Đờn ca tài tử is played on a variety of different instruments, including the moon-shaped lute, two-stringed fiddle, sixteen-stringed zither, pear-shaped lute, percussion, monochord and bamboo flute. Its repertoire is based on twenty principal songs and seventy-two classical songs. The musical art is passed on through oral transmission, based on imitation, from master instrumentalists and singers to students. Musicians need to study for at least three years to learn the basic instrumental techniques and master the musical modes to express different moods and emotions. Vocal students study the traditional songs and learn to improvise subtly, using different ornamentation techniques.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2013.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region