【非洲·尼日利亚】夸格希尔戏剧表演 Kwagh-Hir theatrical performance（2019年）

Kwagh Hir（夸格希尔）戏剧表演是一种综合艺术形式，包含视觉刺激和文化熏陶的奇观。Kwagh-hir（夸格希尔）植根于Tiv人的故事讲述传统，称为“Kwagh-alom”，这是一种由富有创意的故事讲述者为一家人讲述故事的做法，通常是在一天农活结束后的凌晨。随着时间的推移，有创意的故事讲述者开始将这些故事戏剧化，并在Kwagh hir（夸格希尔）的现阶段和地位达到高潮。这种实践是一种社会表演，有可能通过戏剧化和表演过去和现在的社会现实来娱乐和传授道德课程。作为全剧场的一种形式，克瓦希尔将木偶戏、化装、诗歌、音乐、舞蹈和动画叙事结合在一起，以表达Tiv人的现实。人们每天的奋斗、抱负、成功和失败都通过创造性的戏剧化表达出来。Khwagh hir（夸格希尔）剧院为社区所有，通过学徒制传授知识和技能。对剧团活动感兴趣的人会接受培训和指导，直到他们达到一定的熟练程度；然后他们被接纳进剧团。定期举行表演，以确保艺术保持活力，并确保年轻一代继续认同它。

2019年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Kwagh-Hir theatrical performance is a composite art form encompassing a spectacle that is both visually stimulating and culturally edifying. Kwagh-hir has its roots in the story-telling tradition of the Tiv people called ‘kwagh-alom’, a practice where the family was treated to a storytelling session by creative storytellers, usually in the early hours of the night after the day’s farming work. With time, creative storytellers began to dramatize these stories, culminating in the present stage and status of Kwagh-hir. The practice is a social performance with the potential to entertain and teach moral lessons through the dramatization and performance of past and current social realities. As a form of total theatre, Kwagh-hir incorporates puppetry, masquerading, poetry, music, dance and animated narratives in articulating the reality of the Tiv people. People’s daily struggles, aspirations, successes and failures are all given expression through creative dramatization. Khwagh-hir theatre is owned by the community, with knowledge and skills being transmitted through apprenticeship. People who indicate an interest in the troupe’s activities are trained and mentored until they reach a certain level of proficiency; they are then accepted into the troupe. Regular performances are held to ensure the art is kept alive and that the younger generation continues to identify with it.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2019.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region