【欧洲·法国】Gwoka：代表瓜德罗普人认同感的音乐、歌舞以及文化实践 Gwoka: music, song, dance and cultural practice representative of Guadeloupean identity（2014年）

瓜德罗普社会的所有种族和宗教团体都有瓜卡人。它结合了瓜德罗普岛克里奥尔语的应答式歌唱、卡鼓上的节奏和舞蹈。在传统形式中，Gwoka将这三个表达领域结合起来，强调即兴创作的个人品质。参与者和公众形成一个圆圈，舞蹈者和独奏者面对着鼓依次进入并表演。公众鼓掌并接受独奏者的合唱。数千人经常在露天的格沃卡之夜练习格沃卡舞，舞蹈圈是培养个人才能的地方。通过家庭和朋友团体，以及通过正规的工作坊和传统舞蹈和音乐学校，对实践和Ka鼓制作技巧的传播是非正式的。Gwoka是瓜德罗普岛社会最具特色的元素之一，它的当代表达探索了音乐、舞蹈或歌唱的新途径。它出现在日常生活的高点，以及节日、文化和世俗活动中。它还伴随着社会和政治抗议运动。它加强了身份认同，提供了一种社区发展和个人自豪感，传达了欢乐、反抗和尊严的价值观。

2014年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Gwoka is found among all ethnic and religious groups of Guadeloupean society. It combines responsorial singing in Guadeloupean Creole, rhythms played on the Ka drums and dancing. In its traditional form, Gwoka unites these three areas of expression and emphasizes individual qualities of improvisation. The participants and public form a circle in which dancers and soloists enter in turn and perform, facing the drums. The public claps and takes up the chorus from the soloist. Several thousand people regularly practise Gwoka at open-air Gwoka evenings, where the dance circle functions as a place to develop individual talents. Transmission of the practice and Ka drum-making skills is both informal through families and groups of friends, but also increasingly through formal workshops and schools of traditional dance and music. Gwoka is one of the most identifiable elements of Guadeloupean society and its contemporary expressions explore new avenues of music, choreography or singing. It is present at the high points of daily life, as well as at festive, cultural and secular events. It also accompanies movements of social and political protest. It strengthens identity and provides a feeling of communal development and individual pride, conveying values of conviviality, resistance and dignity.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2014.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region