【欧洲·波兰】树林养蜂文化 Tree beekeeping culture（2020年）

树木养蜂文化包括与野生蜜蜂在森林地区的树蜂箱或原木蜂箱中繁殖有关的知识、技能、实践、传统、仪式和信仰。树养蜂人以一种特殊的方式照顾蜜蜂，试图在不干扰蜜蜂自然生命周期的情况下重现树蜂箱中原始的生活条件。树养蜂人没有强化蜂蜜生产的目标，这是他们区别于养蜂人的特点之一。因此，树木养蜂需要先进的技能和传统方法和工具的知识。树养蜂人是终身学习者：通过与蜂群和自然环境的直接接触，他们不断获得有关蜜蜂生活和生态系统的新知识。还有许多社会实践源于这种实践以及烹饪和传统医学传统。和过去一样，这种元素的传播主要发生在养蜂人的家庭中，并通过兄弟会的行为进行。然而，如今，研讨会提供了另一种传播方式，参与者通过小组活动相互学习。树木养蜂培养了一种社区归属感和对环境责任的共同意识。

2020年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Tree beekeeping culture includes knowledge, skills, practices, traditions, rituals and beliefs connected to wild bees breeding in tree hives or log hives located in forest areas. Tree beekeepers take care of bees in a special way by trying to recreate the primeval living conditions in tree hives without interfering with the natural life cycle of the bees. Tree beekeepers have no goal of intensifying honey production, which is one of the features that differentiates them from beekeepers. Tree beekeeping therefore requires advanced skills and knowledge of traditional methods and tools. Tree beekeepers are lifelong learners: through direct contact with swarms and the natural environment, they constantly acquire new knowledge about the life of the bees and the ecosystem. There are also numerous social practices resulting from the practice as well as culinary and traditional medicine traditions. As in the past, the transmission of the element takes place mainly in tree beekeepers’ families and through the act of brotherhoods. Nowadays, however, workshops offer another mode of transmission during which participants learn from each other through group activities. Tree beekeeping fosters a sense of community belonging and a shared awareness of our responsibility towards the environment.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2020.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region.