【欧洲·芬兰】考斯蒂宁民间弦乐及相关的习俗和表现形式 Kaustinen fiddle playing and related practices and expressions（2021年）

考斯蒂宁民乐是芬兰的一项传统，小提琴（小提琴）虽然不是唯一的乐器，但却是主要的旋律乐器。事实上，是小提琴（有或没有其他乐器）使舞蹈或歌曲有节奏感。它以耳朵弹奏为基础，以切分音和重音节奏为特点，人们很容易跟着节奏跳舞。考斯廷民间音乐独特的风格和演奏技巧已经存在了250多年，该地区有数百首曲子。考斯廷民间音乐在许多场合播放：私下、有组织的团体、公共庆典和仪式（包括婚礼）、音乐会和公共果酱会议，以及一年一度的考斯廷民间音乐节。表演者经常穿着传统服装。考斯蒂宁和邻近社区的大多数居民认为这种音乐是他们个人和社区身份的一个重要方面，即使他们不是从业者本身。它被认为代表了一种归属感，并被视为加强跨代关系的一种手段。这种做法的重要性在公共场所的名称和符号中显而易见，比如考斯廷盾徽上的小提琴。

2021年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

Kaustinen folk music is a Finnish tradition where the fiddle (violin), although not the only instrument, is the main melodic instrument. It is in fact the violin (with or without other instruments) that cadences the dances or the songs. Based on playing by ear, it is characterized by syncopated and accented rhythms that are easy for people to dance to. The distinctive style and playing technique of Kaustinen folk music have existed for over 250 years, and there is a repertoire of several hundred tunes from the area. Kaustinen folk music is played in many contexts: in private, in organized groups, during public celebrations and ceremonies (including wedding parties), at concerts and public jam sessions, and at the annual Kaustinen Folk Music Festival. Performers often wear traditional costumes. Most inhabitants of Kaustinen and neighbouring communities consider this music an essential aspect of their personal and community identity, even if they are not practitioners themselves. It is felt to represent a sense of belonging and viewed as a means of strengthening cross-generational ties. The significance of the practice is evident in the names of public spaces and in symbols such as the presence of the fiddle in the Kaustinen coat of arms.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2021.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region