【欧洲·挪威】塞特斯达尔传统音乐和舞蹈习俗：游戏、跳舞和演唱 Practice of traditional music and dance in Setesdal, playing, dancing and singing (stev/stevjing)（2019年）

在塞特斯达尔的传统音乐和舞蹈实践中，演奏、舞蹈和歌唱（stev/stevjing），传统舞蹈和音乐属于一起，在社会语境中交织在一起。旋律以“恒河”舞蹈命名，主要是舞蹈曲调；“stev”歌曲的旋律可以用乐器演奏，歌词通常描述练习者的舞蹈或演奏。“stev”通常在舞蹈和演奏之间进行，由两名或两名以上的歌手单独演唱，或在一段名为“stevjing”的对话中演唱。歌词是讲述一个故事的四行诗。这种舞蹈可以由一对单独的舞伴练习，也可以由多对舞伴以顺时针方向旋转的方式练习，可以以温和的方式表演，也可以疯狂而有力地表演。音乐由挪威国家乐器“哈丹格尔”小提琴和下巴竖琴演奏。塞特斯达尔可以追溯到18世纪，并一直享有持续传播。它不断发展，为传统的“stev”曲调制作了新的歌曲文本，并创作了新的曲调。传统的传播形式——通过社交聚会或从成年专家到年轻一代——仍然是学习该元素的主要方法。

2019年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

In the practice of traditional music and dance in Setesdal, playing, dancing and singing (stev/stevjing), traditional dance and music belong together, interwoven in the social context. The melodies are named after the ‘gangar’ dance and are mostly dance tunes; the melodies of the ‘stev’ songs can be played on instruments, and the lyrics often describe the dancing or playing of the practitioners. The ‘stev’ are often performed in the intervals between the dancing and playing, and are sung solo or by two or more singers in a dialogue with each other called ‘stevjing’. The lyrics are four-line verses telling a story. The dance is practised either by solo couples or by multiple couples in a clockwise circle with a change of dance partners and can be performed in either a modest way or wildly and vigorously. The music is performed on the ‘Hardanger’ fiddle, Norway’s national instrument, and the jaw harp. Setesdal can be traced back to the 18th century, and has enjoyed continuous transmission. It is constantly evolving, with new song texts being made for traditional ‘stev’ tunes, and new tunes composed. The traditional form of transmission – through social gatherings or from adult experts to younger generations – remains the main method of learning the element.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2019.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region