【欧洲·瑞士】钟表机械和艺术机械技艺 Craftsmanship of mechanical watchmaking and art mechanics（2020年）

在科学、艺术和技术的十字路口，与机械制表工艺和艺术机械相关的技能被用于制造钟表，用于测量和指示时间（手表、钟摆、时钟和计时器）、艺术自动机和机械机器人、雕塑和动画画，音乐盒和鸣禽。这些技术和艺术物品的特点是有一个机械装置，可以产生动作或发出声音。虽然这些机制通常是隐藏的，但它们也可以是可见的，这有助于这些对象的美学和诗意维度。由于有高素质的工匠和公司推广这些技能，并提供了全方位的培训选项，朱拉弧是一个工艺仍然特别活跃的领域。从历史上看，整个家庭都参与了这项实践，发展了学徒实践以及专业和家庭联盟。技能最初是在培训学校学习的。如今，从业者还通过在线博客、论坛、教程和协作开源项目分享他们的专业知识。除了发挥经济功能外，这些技能还塑造了相关地区的建筑、城市景观和日常社会现实。实践传达了许多价值观，如良好的工艺、准时性、毅力、创造力、灵活性和耐心，对精确性的无限追求和时间测量的无形方面赋予了实践强烈的哲学维度。

2020年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

At the crossroads of science, art and technology, the skills related to the craftsmanship of mechanical watchmaking and art mechanics are used to create watchmaking objects designed to measure and indicate time (watches, pendulum clocks, clocks and chronometers), art automata and mechanical androids, sculptures and animated paintings, music boxes and songbirds. These technical and artistic objects feature a mechanical device that generates movements or emits sounds. Though generally hidden, the mechanisms can also be visible, which contributes to the aesthetics and poetic dimension of the objects. The Jura Arc is an area in which craftsmanship remains particularly dynamic thanks to the presence of highly qualified craftspeople and companies that promote the skills and a full range of training options. Historically, entire families were involved in the practice, developing apprenticeship practices and professional and family alliances. Skills were initially learned in training schools. Nowadays, practitioners also share their know-how via online blogs, forums and tutorials and collaborative open source projects. As well as serving an economic function, the skills have also shaped the architecture, urban landscape and everyday social reality of the regions concerned. The practice conveys many values such as good workmanship, punctuality, perseverance, creativity, dexterity and patience, and the infinite quest for precision and the intangible aspect of time measurement give the practice a strong philosophical dimension.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2020.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region.