【欧洲·塞尔维亚】Slava，家庭守护神纪念日 Slava, celebration of family saint patron’s day（2014年）

在塞尔维亚，东正教基督徒家庭庆祝一个重要节日，以纪念守护神斯拉瓦，据信他是他们的保护者和福利提供者。庆祝活动包括无血祭品的仪式，以及为亲戚、邻居和朋友举行的宴会。在家里点燃一支特别设计的蜡烛，然后将葡萄酒倒在主人的妻子准备和装饰的斯拉瓦蛋糕上，然后将蛋糕横切、旋转、分成四部分并抬起。在仪式中，人们会向圣人致谢，并为他们的繁荣昌盛祈祷。切割由主人、最年长或最重要的客人和其他家庭成员进行。宴会开始时，先是正式饮酒、进餐和祝酒，表达对家人和客人健康、生育和幸福的祝愿。与斯拉瓦人有关的知识在家庭中传承，女性在传递有关仪式执行、意义和目的的知识方面发挥着重要作用。斯拉瓦宴会加强了社会关系，并在建立和维持多民族和多教派对话方面发挥了重要作用。

2014年度列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。

来源：联合国教科文组织亚太地区非物质文化遗产国际培训中心

In Serbia, Orthodox Christian families celebrate an important holiday in honour of the patron saint, Slava, who is believed to be their protector and provider of welfare. The celebration consists of the ritual offering of a bloodless sacrifice and a feast held for relatives, neighbours and friends. A specially designed candle is lit in the family home, then wine is poured over a Slava cake, prepared and decorated by the host’s wife, which is then cut crosswise, rotated and broken into four parts and lifted up. During the ritual, thanks are given to the saint and prayers are said for prosperity. The cutting is performed by the host and the oldest or most important guest and other family members. The feast then begins with the ceremonial drinking of wine, eating and a toast expressing wishes for health, fertility and well-being of the family and guests. Knowledge related to the Slava is passed down in families, with women playing an important role in transmitting knowledge concerning the performance of rituals, their meaning and purpose. The Slava feast reinforces social relations and plays an important role in establishing and maintaining dialogue in multi-ethnic and multi-confessional areas.

Included in the list of human intangible cultural heritage in 2014.

Source: UNESCO International Training Center for intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific Region